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< Back Zamia zamiifolia ZZ Plant If you're looking for a low-maintenance houseplant that can thrive in low-light conditions and withstand neglect, the ZZ plant (Zamioculcas zamiifolia) might just be the perfect choice for you. With its glossy, dark green leaves and striking geometric form, this plant is a favorite among both novice and experienced plant parents. In this blog post, we'll explore the origin, habitat, popular cultivars, and plant care of the ZZ plant. Origin and Habitat: The ZZ plant is native to eastern Africa, specifically Tanzania and Zanzibar. It belongs to the Araceae family and is related to other popular houseplants such as the peace lily and philodendron. The plant was first discovered by a Dutch horticulturalist in the 19th century and later introduced to Europe and North America. In its natural habitat, the ZZ plant grows in the understory of tropical forests, where it receives filtered light and occasional rainfall. It has adapted to survive periods of drought by storing water in its rhizomes, which are thick, potato-like structures that grow underground. Habit: It is a medium to large slow growing upright to arching semi-succulent perennial plant growing up to 100 cm from tubers and producing many stem-like leaves bearing upwards of a dozen elliptic to lanceolate thick opposite to sub-opposite shiny green leaflets. The ZZ plant has a few popular cultivars, including: -'Raven': This cultivar has darker leaves than the standard ZZ plant, with a deep green color that borders on black. -'Zenzi': This dwarf cultivar is perfect for small spaces and tabletop displays, growing to only 8 inches tall. -'Zamicro': Another dwarf cultivar, the Zamicro has smaller leaves than the standard ZZ plant and grows to only 6 inches tall. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Light Exposure: Plants will grow well in medium to bright, indirect light but are capable of surviving in low light locations. However, be aware that low light means the plants will grow very slowly. Avoid growing them in direct light. Watering: ZZ plants are adapted to drought conditions, so they don't need to be watered frequently. ZZ plants should be allowed to dry out considerably between waterings. Plants in bright indirect light locations should be watered once a month in the rainy season and cold dry season and once every two weeks in the hot dry season. In contrast, plants in low light locations should be watered once every two months in the rainy season and cold dry season and once a month in the hot dry season. Humidity: ZZ plants can tolerate a wide range of humidity levels, but they do appreciate a bit of humidity. Mist the leaves occasionally or place the plant on a tray of pebbles and water to increase humidity. Fertilising: Plants in higher light locations need to be fertilised with a well balanced fertiliser at half strength once per month; while plants in low light locations should only be fertilised with a well balanced fertiliser at half strength once every two months. Pruning/Repotting: Remove yellowing and browning leaflets and any wrinkling stem-like leaves as necessary. ZZ plants should be repotted every two or three years into a new pot one size larger than what it was previously growing in. When potting up your ZZ plant, choose a container with drainage holes and use well-draining soil. The plant prefers to be slightly root-bound, so don't choose a pot that's too big. Pests/Diseases: ZZ Plants rarely suffer many problems but occasionally they may be attacked by scale insects. Other than that they are relatively rest and disease free. If you notice any pests, isolate the plant and treat it with an insecticidal soap or neem oil spray. < Back Next

< Back Dracaena species & cultivars Corn Plant/Dragon Tree Dracaena is a genus of around 120 species of trees and shrubs native to tropical regions of Africa, Madagascar, and parts of Asia. They are members of the Asparagaceae family, which also includes popular houseplants such as Sansevieria and Yucca. Some of the most commonly cultivated species of Dracaena include D. marginata, D. fragrans, D. deremensis, and D. reflexa. In their native habitats, Dracaena plants are often found growing in forests or woodland areas with filtered sunlight. They can also be found in open grasslands and scrubland. In these environments, they are often exposed to dry, hot conditions, which means they have adapted to survive with minimal water. There are numerous cultivars of Dracaena, each with their own unique characteristics. Some of the most popular varieties include: 1.Dracaena marginata: Also known as the Madagascar dragon tree, this species is native to Madagascar and is prized for its thin, upright stems and long, narrow leaves with red edges. 2. Dracaena fragrans: This species, also known as corn plant, is native to tropical Africa and is popular for its broad, glossy leaves and woody stem. 3. Dracaena deremensis: Native to tropical Africa, this species has broad leaves that are usually variegated with green and white. 4. Dracaena reflexa: Native to Madagascar and other parts of Africa, this species has long, arching stems and narrow, glossy leaves. Habit: Medium to large semi-woody, single-stemmed or multi-stemmed perennials growing up to 3 m tall indoors producing from solid green to variously green, lime, white, yellow, cream to pink variegated grass-like to sword-shaped leaves usually crowded towards the ends of the stems. Flowers are rarely produced on indoor plants. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Light Exposure: Indoors, plants will grow well in bright, indirect light to some exposure to direct light. If placed in too dark of a location, leaves will yellow rapidly and fall off. Watering: Dracaena plants are relatively drought tolerant and can be watered only when the top 5 to 10 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once every two weeks in the rainy season, once a month in the cold dry season and once a week in the hot dry season. Fertilising: Give plants a well balanced fertiliser once or twice a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Remove any yellowing leaves as necessary. Depending on the species or cultivar Dracaena may need repotting every three or four years depending on size; repot in spring as new growth is starting. Generally, the larger the plant, the greater the need for repotting. Pest Control: Dracaena plants can be susceptible to spider mites, mealybugs, and scale insects. Keep an eye out for signs of infestation, such as webbing or sticky residue on the leaves. If you notice any pests, isolate the plant and treat with an appropriate pesticide or insecticidal soap. In addition dracena are an attrative addition to any garden or indoor decor scheme. < Back Next

< Back Aspidistra elatior Cast-Iron Plant Cast iron plants are native to the forest floors of Japan, China, and Taiwan. They were first introduced to Europe in the 19th century, and then to the United States in the early 20th century. The plant gets its common name from its ability to survive in low light conditions, and its durability - it can survive in a wide range of temperatures, from 50°F to 85°F. Habit: An upright, erect, slow growing perennial plant growing up to 100 cm tall producing shiny, dark green elliptical leaves on long stalks. Flowers are rarely produced and small, reddish-purple and bloom at ground level. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Light Exposure: Plants grow well in low to moderate light levels and are adaptable to many areas within a house where most other plants will not grow; however, plants cannot grow in total darkness or full sun. Watering: Aspidistra can be fairly drought tolerant storing moisture in its root system, however; watering once a week during the rainy season, once every two weeks in the cold dry season and once to twice a week during the hot dry season will be adequate. Fertilising: Cast iron plants do not require a lot of fertiliser. They can be fed once or twice a year with a balanced, slow-release fertiliser during the spring and summer months. Avoid fertilising during the winter months when the plant is dormant. Pruning/Repotting: Cast iron plants prefer to be slightly pot-bound, so repotting is not necessary very often. When it is time to repot, do so in the spring or early summer. Use a well-draining potting mix that is rich in organic matter.Remove drying leaves as necessary. Repot plants every four to five years or when it has outgrown its current pot when the roots are growing over the edge of the pot. Pests/Diseases: Cast iron plants are relatively pest-resistant, but they can occasionally be bothered by mealybugs, spider mites, and scale insects. To prevent these pests, inspect your plants regularly and remove any affected leaves. You can also use insecticidal soap or neem oil to treat any infestations. In conclusion, cast iron plants are incredibly hardy and adaptable houseplants that can survive in a wide range of conditions. They are low-maintenance, making them a great choice for beginners or those who don't have a lot of time to devote to plant care. By following the tips outlined above, you can ensure that your cast iron plant thrives for years to come. < Back Next

< Back Philodendron burle marx Philodendron burle marx Philodendron Burle Marx, or Philodendron hederaceum 'Burle Marx', is a beautiful and popular tropical plant that is known for its large, heart-shaped leaves and easy care. This plant is native to Brazil and was named after Roberto Burle Marx, a famous Brazilian landscape architect and artist who loved to incorporate tropical plants into his designs. The plant is a member of the Araceae family, which includes other popular houseplants like Monsteras and Peace Lilies. In its natural habitat, Philodendron Burle Marx can be found growing as an epiphyte in the rainforests of Brazil. It typically grows on trees or other plants, using them for support, and can reach up to 6 feet tall. The plant has a unique growth habit, with long, vining stems that can climb or trail. It also produces aerial roots that help it to cling onto surfaces and absorb nutrients. Habit: A slow to medium growing shrub up to about 60 cm tall and 60 to 100 cm wide; however, if staked and trained, plants can grow slightly taller. From the rather stout stems, plants produce masses of shiny, narrowly heart-shaped leaves. A great generally easy and fuss free plant. Temperature: Plants grow best between 20 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants as the leaflets can get tattered. Light Exposure: Plants do best in bright, indirect light to thrive and grow well. They can withstand lower light situations but will not grow very strongly, will appear stretched (etiolated) and will tend to be more susceptible to pests and diseases. Plants exposed to direct sunlight will develop scorched and burnt leaves reducing the beauty of the plant. Watering: The plants like a moist growing medium but not soggy; water only when the top 3 to 5 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and usually twice a week in the hot dry season. In addition, regularly misting the leaves in the hot dry season will help keep the foliage looking great. Humidity: This plant thrives in high humidity environments. If you live in a dry climate, consider placing a humidifier near the plant or setting it on a tray of pebbles filled with water. You can also mist the plant regularly to increase humidity. Avoid placing the plant near air vents or heaters, as this can cause the air to dry out. Fertilising: Philodendron plants are generally heavy feeders and give them a well balanced fertiliser twice a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: When potting up a Philodendron Burle Marx, it is important to use a well-draining soil mix that is rich in organic matter. The plant prefers to be slightly root-bound, so choose a pot that is just slightly larger than the current one. When repotting, gently remove the plant from its current pot and loosen the roots before placing it into the new pot. Be sure to water the plant thoroughly after potting up. Remove yellowing, brown or heavily damaged leaves as necessary. Repotting of the plants will depend on its growth rate but plants usually indicate that they should be repotted once the roots really start growing out the bottom of the pot. Ideally repot in the spring into a pot one or maybe two sizes larger than what it is currently growing in. Pests/Diseases: Burle Marx is relatively resistant to pests and diseases if well looked after and happy; however, they can be attacked by thrips, mealy bug and spider mites. Diseases that affect the plants are usually caused by overwatering which can invite fungal and bacterial pathogens that cause root rots and leaf spot problems. You can remove pests by wiping the leaves with a damp cloth or using insecticidal soap. Be sure to isolate the plant if you notice any pests to prevent them from spreading to other plants. < Back Next

< Back Chamaedorea elegans Parlour Palm If you're looking for a houseplant that is low maintenance, visually appealing and adds a touch of green to your living space, look no further than the parlour palm. With its elegant fronds and compact size, this plant is a popular choice for indoor decoration. Origin and Habitat The parlour palm, also known as Chamaedorea elegans, is native to Mexico and Guatemala. It is a member of the Arecaceae family and is one of over 100 species of Chamaedorea. In the wild, it grows as an understory plant in the shade of taller trees. Its natural habitat is a tropical forest, where it can grow up to six feet tall. However, in indoor settings, it typically reaches a height of two to four feet. Habit: Slow growing single-stemmed woody plant with slender green trunk up to 3 m tall, or rarely 5 m tall. Plants sport a crown of numerous bright green pinnate leaves and yellow to orange-red fragrant flowers borne on branched panicles that emerge from the stem below the leaves. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Light Exposure: Plants grow well in bright, indirect light for best growth indoors. Avoid placing plants in direct sun or in dark locations. Watering: The Parlour Palm should be watered enough to keep the root ball evenly moist but not soggy. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and once or twice a week in the hot dry season should be sufficient. In addition, misting the fronds during hot dry weather will keep plants looking good. Fertilising: Give plants a well balanced fertiliser once a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Remove dead or dry leaves and old spent flower stalks as needed. Repot plants every three or four years once the roots have filled the pot. Pests/Diseases: Parlour Palms are generally pest and disease free; however, plants can be affected by mealy bug and spider mites during times of low humidity. In addition, overwatering is the leading cause of root rot in plants. In conclusion, the parlour palm is a versatile and easy-to-care-for houseplant that adds a touch of elegance to any living space. With proper care, it can thrive for many years, making it a great investment for plant enthusiasts of all skill levels. < Back Next

< Back Chamaedorea seifrizii Bamboo Palm The bamboo palm, also known as the reed palm or Chamaedorea seifrizii, is a popular indoor plant that originated from Central and South America. It can be found growing in the understory of rainforests, where it thrives in shaded areas with high humidity levels. This tropical plant is a member of the Arecaceae family and is well-known for its attractive fronds and easy-to-care-for nature. Habit: Slow growing tall clump-forming plant with slender bamboo-like stems growing up to 2-3 m tall and 1 m wide indoors. Plants sport a crown of numerous bright green pinnate leaves and yellow flowers borne on short panicles that emerge from the stem below the leaves. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Light Exposure: Plants grow well in bright, indirect light for best growth indoors. Avoid placing plants in direct sun or in dark locations. Watering: The Parlour Palm should be watered enough to keep the root ball evenly moist but not soggy. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and once or twice a week in the hot dry season should be sufficient. In addition, misting the fronds during hot dry weather will keep plants looking good. Fertilising: Give plants a well balanced fertiliser once a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Plants are susceptible to the buildup of salts in the soil either from over fertilization or the use of hard water, which is high in calcium. Pruning/Repotting: Remove dead or dry leaves and old spent flower stalks as needed. Repot plants every three or four years once the roots have filled the pot. Pests/Diseases: Bamboo Palms are generally pest and disease free; however, plants can be affected by mealy bug and spider mites during times of low humidity. In addition, overcrowding of the plant#s stems can reduce air flow within the plant making the leaves more susceptible to fungal pathogens. In conclusion, the bamboo palm is an excellent choice for anyone looking for an attractive and easy-to-care-for indoor plant. Its origin and habitat, popular cultivars, and plant care requirements have been discussed in this blog post. With proper care, your bamboo palm will thrive and add a touch of tropical beauty to your home. < Back Next

< Back Lawn Care Bermuda, Buffalo, Kapinga Having a lush and healthy lawn can enhance the beauty of your property and provide a space for outdoor activities. If you're a homeowner in Zambia, you may be interested in planting and maintaining a lawn using one of the common grass types found in the country, such as buffalo grass, Bermuda grass, or Kapinga grass. Buffalo grass is a warm-season grass that is well adapted to hot and dry conditions. It has a coarse texture and is known for its low maintenance requirements. Bermuda grass, on the other hand, is a fine-textured grass that grows well in hot and humid environments. Kapinga grass is an indigenous grass species that is well adapted to local conditions and will grow anywhere where land is left undisturbed. When planting a lawn from seed, it's important to first prepare the soil by removing any weeds, rocks, or debris. You can then loosen the soil using a rake or tiller and mix in some compost or other organic material to improve soil quality. Follow the instructions on the seed package to determine the appropriate seeding rate and planting depth. After planting, water the area regularly to keep the soil moist until the grass is established. Planting a lawn from cuttings, also known as sod, can provide more immediate results. To plant sod, you'll need to prepare the soil in the same way as when planting from seed. Then, lay the sod pieces tightly together in a staggered pattern to avoid gaps. After laying the sod, water the area regularly to keep the soil moist and encourage the roots to grow into the soil. To maintain a healthy lawn, it's important to regularly water, fertilize, and mow the grass. Watering should be done deeply and infrequently to encourage deep root growth. Fertilization should be done according to the grass type and the recommended schedule. When mowing, it's important not to cut the grass too short, as this can damage the roots and make the grass more susceptible to stress and disease. By following these tips for planting and maintaining a lawn, you can enjoy a beautiful and healthy outdoor space that enhances the value of your property. < Back Next

< Back Ficus lyrata Fiddle Leaf Fig The fiddle leaf fig is native to western Africa, specifically Cameroon, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. It is an evergreen tree that can grow up to 50 feet tall in its natural habitat. The fiddle leaf fig is part of the Moraceae family, which includes other fig trees. Habit: Indoors plants are grown in the shape of a small tree (standard) or a multi-stemmed shrub up to 2 m tall with woody stems and branches bearing solid green or rarely green and white or green and yellow variegated leaves. The large fig fruits are rarely produced on indoor potted plants. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Light Exposure: Fiddle leaf figs thrive in bright, indirect light. They do not do well in direct sunlight, which can scorch their leaves. If your fiddle leaf fig is not getting enough light, its leaves may turn yellow and fall off. On the other hand, if it is getting too much light, its leaves may develop brown spots. Indoors, both the solid green leaf and variegated leaved plants will grow well in bright, indirect light to some exposure to direct light. If placed in too dark of a location, leaves will yellow rapidly and fall and the plant will start to decline. Watering: Fiddle leaf fig likes a moist growing medium but not soggy; water only when the top 5-10 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once or twice a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and once or twice a week in the hot dry season. Fertilising: Give plants a well balanced fertiliser once or twice a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Remove any yellowing or brown and dry leaves as needed; occasionally small to medium sized branches will die back and dry and these stems should be pruned out. Weeping figs can stay in the same pot for a number of years if you want to keep the plant from growing larger; if you want the plant to grow larger repot in spring to a slightly larger pot. Fiddle leaf figs are prone to mealybugs, spider mites, and scale insects. If you notice any of these pests on your plant, remove them with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. You can also prevent pest infestations by regularly cleaning the leaves with a damp cloth and keeping the plant in a well-ventilated area. In conclusion, the fiddle leaf fig is a beautiful and elegant houseplant that can add a touch of sophistication to any home. By following the proper plant care guidelines, including providing it with the right amount of light, fertiliser, potting, watering, humidity, and pest control, your fiddle leaf fig can thrive for many years to come. < Back Next

< Back Sansevieria species & cultivars Snake Plants Sansevieria, commonly known as Snake Plant or Mother-in-Law's Tongue, is a popular houseplant that is loved for its unique, upright leaves and low-maintenance nature. Originating from Africa, this hardy plant is easy to care for and can add a touch of greenery to any space. Origin and Habitat: Sansevieria is native to Africa, from Nigeria to Congo, and has been cultivated for centuries for its medicinal properties. The plant was used to treat various ailments, such as snake bites, headaches, and even syphilis. In the wild, Sansevieria can be found in a variety of habitats, from arid deserts to rainforests. It has adapted to survive in harsh conditions, which is why it is such a popular houseplant. Popular Cultivars There are many different cultivars of Sansevieria, each with its own unique characteristics. Some of the most popular include: -Sansevieria trifasciata: This is the most common cultivar of Sansevieria, with long, pointed leaves that are green with yellow stripes. It is a great air purifier and can remove toxins from the air. -Sansevieria cylindrica: This cultivar has cylindrical leaves that are arranged in a rosette. The leaves are a grey-green color and have horizontal bands of light green. -Sansevieria 'Moonshine': This cultivar has silvery-green leaves that are more upright than other cultivars. It is a great choice for modern and minimalist decor. Habit: Upright ti low growing evergreen succulents growing from rhizomes and producing cylindrical, flat or thick, U-shaped leaves variously decorated with various shades of green, yellow, white and cream markings. Temperature: Plants grow best between 20 to 30ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Light Exposure: Sansevieria can tolerate a wide range of light conditions, from low to bright, indirect light. However, they do best in bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight can burn the leaves, while low light can cause the leaves to become floppy and weak. If your Sansevieria is not getting enough light, it will not grow as quickly and may become susceptible to pests and diseases. Watering:Sansevieria is drought-tolerant and does not require frequent watering. In fact, in the ground they can survive for months without water. In pots, Snake plants need to dry out between waterings regardless of light exposure and it’s always best to err on the side of caution if in doubt. As a rule of thumb, watering once every two weeks during the rainy season, once a month in the cold dry season and once a week in the hot dry season. Fertilising: Snake Plants can be fertilised with a well balanced fertiliser at half strength only once per month. Plants can be damaged by over fertilizing so one must be careful. Pruning/Repotting: Pruning is not usually required but occasionally needed when leaves die or are damaged. Sansevieria prefers to be slightly root-bound, so it is best to plant it in a pot that is only slightly larger than the root ball. Repotting is necessary when roots start coming out the bottom of the pot or when the rhizomes start to deform the pot and is best carried out just before starting into active growth at the end of the cold dry season. Pests/Diseases: Sansevieria is relatively pest-resistant, but it can still be susceptible to spider mites and mealybugs. To prevent these pests, inspect your plant regularly and isolate any infected plants. Use an insecticidal soap or neem oil to treat infestations. In conclusion, Sansevieria is a great choice for anyone looking for a low-maintenance houseplant that is easy to care for. With its unique appearance and air-purifying abilities, it can add a touch of greenery to any space. < Back Next

< Back Nephrolepis exaltata Sword Fern The sword fern (Polystichum munitum) is native to the Pacific Northwest region of North America, where it grows in dense stands in forests and along streams. The fern has also been introduced to other areas, including the United Kingdom and New Zealand, where it has become naturalized. Habit: Upright to arching medium to large sized clumping perennial up to 90 cm tall and wide with green to greenish-yellow fronds that can be feathery to frilly. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Misting plants regularly in dry, low humidity periods will keep it looking good until conditions change. Light Exposure:Sword ferns prefer bright, indirect light. They can tolerate some direct sunlight, but too much can damage the fronds. If your fern is not getting enough light, it may become leggy and lose its vigor. You can provide additional light by placing it near a window or using grow lights. When placed in too dark of a location, leaves will yellow rapidly and fall off and plants will decline. Watering: Sword fern likes a moist growing medium but not soggy; water only when the top 3 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once or twice a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and twice a week in the hot dry season. Humidity: Sword ferns prefer humid conditions and will appreciate a daily misting. You can also increase the humidity around your fern by placing a tray of water nearby or using a humidifier. Fertilising: Give plants a well balanced fertiliser once a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Remove yellow or dried frond leaflets or entire fronds as needed. Plants can grow fairly quickly and crowd the pot within a year and can then be divided by cutting it in half and potting up each piece. Pest Control: Sword ferns are relatively pest-free, but they can occasionally be affected by spider mites, mealybugs, and scale insects. If you notice any signs of infestation, such as yellowing leaves or sticky residue, treat your fern with a natural insecticide or insecticidal soap. In conclusion, sword ferns are hardy and adaptable houseplants that can thrive in a variety of conditions. By providing them with the right amount of light, water, fertilizer, and humidity, you can enjoy their lush green fronds for years to come. < Back Next

< Back Thaumatophyllum species & cultivars Thaumatophyllum species & cultivars Thaumatophyllum is a genus of plants that belong to the Araceae family, which also includes popular houseplants like philodendrons and monsteras. Thaumatophyllums are known for their striking foliage and easy-to-care-for nature, making them a great addition to any indoor plant collection. In this guide, we'll cover everything you need to know about Thaumatophyllum care, including their origin, habitat, popular cultivars, and how to keep them healthy. Origin and Habitat: Thaumatophyllum is native to South America, where it grows in tropical rainforests. The plant was formerly known as Philodendron bipinnatifidum, but in 2018, it was reclassified as Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum. Thaumatophyllums are commonly found growing in the understory of the rainforest, where they receive dappled sunlight and moderate humidity. Habit: Medium to very large, sometimes semi-woody evergreen perennial plants producing small to large lobed green leaves. Temperature: Plants grow best between 20 to 30ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C will result in the death of the plants. Light Exposure: Thaumtophyllum plants mostly grow best in bright, indirect light locations. Plants may survive in medium, indirect light but they will not thrive and may, overtime, decline. Watering: Plants like a moist growing medium but not soggy; water only when the top 3 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and usually twice a week in the hot dry season. In addition, regularly misting the leaves in the hot dry season will help keep the foliage looking great. Humidity: Thaumatophyllums prefer moderate to high humidity levels, which can be difficult to achieve in dry indoor environments. To increase humidity, place a tray of water near the plant or use a humidifier. You can also mist the leaves with room-temperature water to increase humidity levels. Fertilising: Plants are generally heavy feeders and give them a well balanced fertiliser twice a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Thaumatophyllums prefer well-draining soil, so make sure to use a potting mix that includes perlite or sand to improve drainage. When potting up your plant, choose a pot that is slightly larger than the current one to allow for growth. Thaumatophyllums have a shallow root system, so a wider pot is better than a deeper one. Remove yellowing, brown or heavily damaged leaves as necessary and occasionally the tip growth will need to be pruned out if growing well above the climbing pole. Repotting of the plants will depend on its growth rate but plants usually indicate that they should be repotted once the roots really start growing out the bottom of the pot. Ideally repot in the spring into a pot one or maybe two sizes larger than what it is currently growing in. Pests/Diseases: Thaumatophyllum are relatively resistant to pests and diseases if well looked after and happy; however, they can be attacked by thrips, mealy bug and spider mites if the plants are stressed. Diseases that affect the plants are usually caused by overwatering which can invite fungal and bacterial pathogens that cause root rots and leaf spot problems. In conclusion, Thaumatophyllums are a beautiful and easy-to-care-for plant that can add a tropical touch to any indoor space. By following the tips in this guide, you can ensure that your Thaumatophyllum stays healthy and thriving for years to come. < Back Next

< Back Rhizomatous & Rex Begonias Begonia Begonia is a popular ornamental plant that belongs to the family Begoniaceae. It is renowned for its striking foliage and colorful blooms. Begonias are native to tropical and subtropical regions, and they are widely grown as houseplants and in gardens across the world. In this post, we will explore the origin, habitat, and popular cultivars of begonia. Origin Begonias are believed to have originated in the rainforests of South and Central America. The first begonias were discovered in Brazil in the 17th century by Michel Begon, a French botanist after whom the plant is named. The plant was later introduced to Europe by botanists and became popular in Victorian-era gardens. Habitat Begonias are typically found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including Africa, Asia, and the Americas. They thrive in warm, humid conditions and can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests, riverbanks, and rocky outcrops. The plant's ability to adapt to different environments has resulted in a wide range of cultivars with varying characteristics. Popular Cultivars -Begonias are available in a variety of cultivars, each with unique foliage and flowers. Some of the popular cultivars include: -Rex Begonia - This cultivar is known for its large, decorative leaves that come in a variety of colors, including silver, purple, and green. They are commonly grown as houseplants. Habit: Medium to low growing succulent-like herbaceous perennial growing from sem-erect to creeping stems that produce variously smooth to hairy colourful leaves and pink or white flowers. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Light Exposure: Plants need shade or low indirect light. Exposure to sun will cause leaf scorch and bleaching of leaf colour. Watering: Begonias like a moist growing medium but not saturated; water only when the top 3 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and once or twice a week in the hot dry season. Fertilising: Give plants a well balanced fertiliser twice a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Remove dead or dry leaves and old spent flower stalks as needed. Repot plants every three or four years once the roots have filled the pot. Pests/Diseases: Aphids, mealy bugs, thrips scale, spider mite and whitefly may attack plants; while fungal pathogens can cause stem or root rot (usually on overwatered plants) and the leaves can be affected by powdery mildew. < Back Next

< Back Duranta Duranta Duranta is a beautiful shrub that is native to tropical regions of the Americas. It is also known as golden dewdrop, pigeon berry, and skyflower. This versatile shrub is grown for its striking appearance, featuring beautiful clusters of blue or purple flowers that bloom in the summer and fall, followed by golden berries. There are several cultivars of Duranta available, including 'Gold Mound', which has golden foliage, and 'Sapphire Showers', which produces vibrant blue flowers. Duranta prefers well-drained soil and can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including clay and sandy soils. It also thrives in full sun to partial shade conditions. Pruning should be done in the early spring before the growing season starts to encourage fuller growth and remove any damaged or dead branches. Trimming can also be done to maintain the shrub's desired shape and size. However, it's important not to trim the plant too heavily as it may affect flowering. In addition to its ornamental value, Duranta has also been used for medicinal purposes, particularly in traditional medicine in Africa and South America. Its leaves and roots contain alkaloids that have been used to treat a variety of ailments, including fever, malaria, and digestive issues. Overall, Duranta is an attractive and low-maintenance shrub that can add a touch of tropical beauty to any garden or landscape. < Back Next

< Back Streptocarpus sect. Saintpaulia African Violet African violets are native to Tanzania and Kenya, where they grow in the shade of the Usambara and Uluguru mountains. They were first discovered in the late 19th century by Baron Walter von Saint Paul-Illaire, a German colonial official who was stationed in East Africa. He sent specimens of the plant back to Europe, where they quickly became popular as a houseplant. Streptocarpus sect. Saintpaulia, commonly known as African violets, are a popular and beautiful houseplant. With their delicate, velvety leaves and stunning purple, pink, and white flowers, they are a favorite among gardeners and indoor plant enthusiasts. In this guide, we will explore the origin, habitat, popular cultivars, and care requirements for these lovely plants. Habit: Low growing, semi-succulent evergreen perennial plants that produce a rosette of ovate to round or elliptic hairy mid to dark green leaves. Bunches of flowers are borne from the side of the leaf rosette to sit slightly above the leaves in shades of purple, pink, red, whitish and bicolour forms. Temperature: Plants grow best between 20 to 25ᐤ C but are tolerant of temperatures down to 10ᐤ C. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations where colder air can lead to less attractive plants Light Exposure: Plants do best in bright, indirect light to thrive and grow well. Direct sun will burn the leaves and kill the plants. Be sure to turn the plants once a week so that plants stay even and do not become lopsided. Watering: African violets are sensitive to overwatering, so it's important to let the soil dry out slightly between waterings. It is usually better to also water plants from below in a saucer of water and let the plant soak it up through the drainage holes to avoid wetting the plant’s leaves or crown which can lead to disease or rot issues. Be sure to empty any excess water from the saucer after watering. Fertilising: Plants need to be fertilised with a well balanced fertiliser at half strength augmented with two tablespoons of epsom salts per four litres of water only once per month. Plants can be damaged by over fertilizing so one must be careful not to feed plants too much or too often as prescribed. Pruning/Repotting: Remove any dead or damaged leaves and dried spent flower stalks as necessary. Mature African Violets can be repotted once or twice a year depending on its growth as a means of refreshing the soil. Plants should be removed from its existing pot and the soil medium around the soil ball loosened and gently shaken free; but do not try to remove all the soil from the root ball. Partially refill the existing pot with new soil medium and place the plant and its existing root ball into the pot; then gently fill in any more soil medium as required trying to avoid getting the leaves dirty. Once repotted, tap the pot down gently a few times to settle the soil medium and then water from below. Pests/Diseases: Mealybugs, aphids, cyclamen mite, thrips, whitefly and scale are all pests that attack African Violets. While a number of fungal pathogens and bacterial pathogens cause leaf spot and blight issues,powdery mildew, root rot and crown rot of the plants. < Back Next

< Back Spathiphyllum cultivars Peace Lilly Spathiphyllum, commonly known as Peace Lily, is a popular indoor plant that is native to tropical regions of South and Central America, Asia, and Africa. The genus name, Spathiphyllum, is derived from two Greek words, "spath" meaning spathe, and "phyllon" meaning leaf, which refers to the white or yellowish spathes that surround the flowers. Origin and Habitat Spathiphyllum is a member of the Araceae family, which includes other well-known plants such as Philodendron and Monstera. In the wild, Spathiphyllum plants grow in shaded or semi-shaded areas in tropical rainforests. They are known for their unique ability to adapt to low-light conditions, making them a popular choice for indoor environments. Habit: Small to large evergreen plants that produce a rosette of narrowly to broadly lanceolate to elliptic leaves that are usually green to dark green but can also be variegated with green and white or green and yellowish-green. The inflorescences are produced out of the centre of the leaf rosette and grow taller than the leaves topped by the typical aroid flower with a white or rarely green spathe that may be sweetly fragrant or not. Temperature: Plants grow best between 20 to 25ᐤ C but are tolerant of temperatures between 5 to 37ᐤ. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants as the leaves can get tattered. Light Exposure: PSpathiphyllum plants prefer bright, indirect light but can tolerate low light conditions. Direct sunlight can cause leaf burn, so it's best to keep them away from windows or use a sheer curtain to filter the light. Plants with darker green leaves are able to withstand lower light locations but regardless of, all plants will benefit from rotating a quarter to a half each week to keep plants balanced and avoiding them becoming lopsided. Watering: Peace Lilies like a moist growing medium but not soggy; water only when the top 3 to 5 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and usually twice a week in the hot dry season. In addition, regularly misting the leaves in the hot dry season will help keep the foliage looking great. Humidity: Spathiphyllum plants prefer high humidity levels, so it's best to keep them in a bathroom or use a humidifier to increase the humidity around the plant. Alternatively, you can place a tray of water near the plant to create a humid microclimate. Fertilising: Plants need to be fertilised with a well balanced fertiliser at half strength only once per month. Plants can be damaged by over fertilizing so one must be careful not to feed plants too much or too often as prescribed. Pruning/Repotting: Remove yellowing and dead leaves and spent flower stalks as necessary. Peace Lilies can withstand a moderate level of being root bound but will need to be repotted when plants begin to wilt more frequently even after being watered or if offsets have started to crowd out the mother plant. In such a case, separating out the offsets and potting them up separately increases the vigour of the mother plant. Pests/Diseases: Spathiphyllum plants are relatively pest-resistant, but they can attract spider mites and mealybugs. Regularly inspect your plant for any signs of infestation, such as webbing or small white bugs on the leaves. If you notice any pests, remove them by wiping the leaves with a damp cloth or using an insecticidal soap. In conclusion, Spathiphyllum plants are a great addition to any indoor space, with their unique ability to thrive in low-light conditions and their attractive white flowers. By following these simple care tips, you can ensure that your Spathiphyllum plant thrives for years to come. < Back Next

< Back Vanilla planifolia Vanilla Orchid Habit: Climbing succulent stout vine producing aerial roots at the leaf nodes with medium-sized elliptic to lanceolate green leaves. Aerial roots will secure the vine to the climbing trellis and vines usually have to be looped around as they continue to grow. Plants usually don’t flower as indoor plants. Temperature: Plants grow best between 20 to 30ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C will result in the death of the plants. Light Exposure: Vanilla plants will grow best in locations of bright, indirect light or areas with weak sunlight (early morning or late afternoon). Watering: Plants like a moist growing medium but not soggy; water only when the top 3 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and usually twice a week in the hot dry season. In addition, regularly misting the leaves in the hot dry season will help keep the foliage looking great. Plants are also best watered with distilled or rain water instead of groundwater. Fertilising: Plants need to be fertilised with a well balanced fertiliser at half strength once per month. Pruning/Repotting: Remove any yellowing or dry leaves. Repotting can usually take place every three or four years into a well drained soil medium mixed with some compost. Pests/Diseases: Indoors, mealybugs, aphids, spider mite and scale are all pests that can attack Vanilla vines. While rare on indoor plants, a few fungal and viral pathogens cause leaf spot and blight issues as well as stem rot of the plants. < Back Next

< Back Bromeliaceae Bromeliad Bromeliads are native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, including Central and South America, the West Indies, and Florida. These plants are found in a variety of habitats, including rainforests, deserts, and high-altitude mountains. Bromeliads are known for their ability to adapt to different environments, which makes them ideal for growing in a wide range of settings. Habit: A medium to slow growing perennial up to 50 cm tall producing green and yellowish green leaves in a rosette and purple to purplish pink flowers on long stalks that arise from the centre of the leaf rosette. Temperature: Plants grow best between 15 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Light Exposure: Bromeliads are adapted to a range of light conditions, from bright indirect light to partial shade. Different species have different light requirements, so it's important to research the needs of the specific bromeliad you are growing. In general, bromeliads prefer bright, filtered light, but direct sunlight can scorch their leaves. However, there are some varieties that can grow well in full sun. Watering: Plants do better using purified or rainwater (the calcium from groundwater gradually will kill plants); pour water into the centre of the leaf rosette and top it up as the water disappears (approximately once per week in the rainy season and cold, dry season but twice a week during the hot dry season). Fertilising: Give plants a half strength organic fertiliser or compost tea once a month except during the cold dry season. Note: the use of chemical fertilisers can be too strong and can kill the plants. Pruning/Repotting: Remove dead, dry leaves and spent flower stalks as needed. Bromeliads generally have small root systems but should be repotted when the plants are crowded in the pot. Pests/Diseases: Plants are relatively pest and disease free but can occasionally be attacked by Aphids, Thrips, Weevils, Scale insects, Mealy bug and Whitefly. In conclusion, bromeliads are beautiful, adaptable plants that can be grown in a variety of settings. By following the tips outlined above for light requirements, fertilizing, plant care, and pest control, you can enjoy the beauty of these tropical plants in your home or garden. < Back Next

< Back Asparagus setaceus Common Asparagus Fern Asparagus ferns (Asparagus setaceus) are popular indoor and outdoor plants that are beloved for their delicate foliage and elegant, arching branches. Despite the name, asparagus ferns are not actually ferns, but rather a member of the asparagus family. The common asparagus fern is native to South Africa and Mozambique, but it is now widely cultivated in many parts of the world as a houseplant or ornamental plant. It grows best in warm, tropical climates and can be found in many different types of habitats, including forests and woodlands. Habit: Climbing perennial plants up to several metres tall (but can be kept shorter through pruning) producing light feathery stems with fine, soft green needles. Small whitish flowers may be produced followed by blackish berries. Temperature: Plants grow best between 20 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 10ᐤ C may result in damage to leaves while temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants. Light Exposure: Plants grow best in bright, indirect light and will start to yellow and drop their needles when growing in areas with insufficient light. Watering: Asparagus plants can be fairly drought tolerant storing moisture in its root system, however; watering once a week during the rainy season, once every two weeks in the cold dry season and once to twice a week during the hot dry season will be adequate. Misting the leaves during hot weather is beneficial to plant aesthetics. Fertilising: Give plants a well balanced fertiliser twice a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Remove yellowing and dry stems as necessary. Tall leggy plants can be pruned down to near the soil level and new shoots will be produced in about 3 months. Asparagus Ferns like to be root bound and can be repotted every four to five years. Pests/Diseases: Plants are relatively pest free but can occasionally be attacked by Asparagus beetles, aphids and cutworms in addition to Fusarium root rot and rust fungus of the leaves. In conclusion, the common asparagus fern is a versatile and popular plant that can be grown indoors or outdoors. With the right care, it can thrive in a variety of environments and add beauty to any space. By following these tips for light requirements, fertilising, potting up, watering, humidity and pest control, you can ensure that your asparagus fern remains healthy and vibrant for years to come. < Back Next

< Back Philodendron (climbing) species & cultivars Philodendron (climbing) species & cultivars Philodendrons are native to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America, from southern Mexico to Brazil. They are epiphytic, meaning they grow on trees, and are often found growing on the trunks of trees in the wild. Some species also grow on the forest floor, where they can climb up the trunks of trees to reach the light. Habit: Slender to robust climbing evergreen plants that can usually grow several metres tall but when grown in a pot or container are provided with some kind of climbing pole and the height controlled by the height of the pole. Leaves range from small/medium to large or very large, either pure solid green, variegated with green, white or yellow or tinged with purple to reddish depending on the species. The leaf stalks (petiole) can also be brightly coloured sometimes as well. Temperature: Plants grow best between 20 to 25ᐤ C and temperatures below 4ᐤ C may result in the death of the plant. Avoid placing plants in windy or drafty locations which can lead to less attractive plants as the leaflets can get tattered. Light Exposure: Plants do best in bright, indirect light to thrive and grow well. They can withstand lower light situations but will not grow very strongly, will appear stretched (etiolated) and will tend to be more susceptible to pests and diseases. Plants exposed to direct sunlight will develop scorched and burnt leaves reducing the beauty of the plant. Watering: The plants like a moist growing medium but not soggy; water only when the top 3 to 5 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and usually twice a week in the hot dry season. In addition, regularly misting the leaves in the hot dry season will help keep the foliage looking great. Fertilising: Philodendron plants are generally heavy feeders and give them a well balanced fertiliser twice a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Remove yellowing, brown or heavily damaged leaves as necessary and occasionally the tip growth will need to be pruned out if growing well above the climbing pole. Repotting of the plants will depend on its growth rate but plants usually indicate that they should be repotted once the roots really start growing out the bottom of the pot. Ideally repot in the spring into a pot one or maybe two sizes larger than what it is currently growing in. Pests/Diseases: Philodendrons are relatively resistant to pests and diseases if well looked after and happy; however, they can be attacked by thrips, mealy bug and spider mites if the plants are stressed. Diseases that affect the plants are usually caused by overwatering which can invite fungal and bacterial pathogens that cause root rots and leaf spot problems. In conclusion, philodendrons are easy to care for houseplants that can add a touch of greenery to any room. With the right light, fertilising, potting up, watering, humidity, and pest control, your philodendron will thrive and grow into a beautiful addition to your indoor garden. < Back Next

< Back Oxalis triangularis Purple Shamrock Purple shamrocks, also known as Oxalis triangularis or false shamrock, are native to Brazil. They were first introduced to Europe in the 18th century and have since become a popular houseplant around the world. The name "shamrock" comes from the Irish word "seamróg," which means "little clover." While purple shamrocks are not true clovers, they share the characteristic three-lobed leaves and are considered a symbol of luck. Habit: In the wild, purple shamrocks grow in moist, shaded areas such as forests and grasslands. They are often found growing under the shade of taller plants, which protect them from direct sunlight. A slender low growing tuberous perennial growing up to about 15 to 20 cm tall producing tufts of clover-like, dark purple leaves and slightly taller flower stalks of light pink trumpet-shaped smallish flowers. Note* Purple Shamrock should never be planted in the open garden in Zambia as it can quickly become a garden weed. Temperature: Plants are happiest with temperatures between 15 to 25ᐤ C; temperatures below 10ᐤ C and higher than 30ᐤ C will start to cause the plants to go into dormancy where the leaves die back and the tubers will wait for suitable temperatures before starting back into growth. Light Exposure: Plants will grow well in bright, indirect light to some exposure to weak direct light (either early morning or late afternoon sun). When placed in too dark of a location, leaves will lose the purple colour, reverting back to green to try to survive. Watering: Purple Shamrock likes a moist growing medium but not soggy; water only when the top 1 or 2 cm of soil feels dry to the touch. Always check the soil moisture first but as a rule of thumb watering once or twice a week in the rainy season, once every two or three weeks in the cold dry season and twice a week in the hot dry season. If plants dry out completely, it will not die but instead goes dormant and starting watering again will bring the plant back into growth. Fertilising: Give plants a well balanced fertiliser once a month during the hot dry season and rainy season but not during the cold dry season when plants are resting (semi-dormant). Pruning/Repotting: Remove drying or dead leaves and old flower stalks as needed. Since the plants are small, they do not need to be repotted for four to five years; alternatively, plants can easily be divided to make more pots of.They prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. Pests/Diseases: While purple shamrocks are relatively easy to care for, they are susceptible to some common houseplant pests, such as spider mites and mealybugs. If you notice any signs of infestation, such as webs or sticky residue, isolate your plant and treat it with an appropriate insecticide or soap spray. By providing them with the right environment and care, you can enjoy their vibrant foliage and symbol of luck for years to come. < Back Next